{"id":9668,"date":"2019-12-03T21:17:03","date_gmt":"2019-12-03T19:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kadrandergi.com.tr\/?p=9668"},"modified":"2019-12-03T21:17:03","modified_gmt":"2019-12-03T19:17:03","slug":"zorbaliga-karsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/?p=9668","title":{"rendered":"Zorbal\u0131\u011fa Kar\u015f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cHakikati aramak ve onu kendi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi ifade etmek asla su\u00e7 olamaz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

-Sebastian Castellio<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131’ndan bug\u00fcne gelmemiz hayli \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc oldu. Devletler y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131, devletler kuruldu, soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar, ihtilaller, isyanlar, reformlar… Otokratlardan demokratlara sanc\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fler oldu. Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali’nden sonra d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde \u00e7\u0131kan ayaklanmalar, Birinci ve \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6len milyonlarca insandan sonra k\u0131m\u0131ldad\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00e7arklar\u0131. Ama asla sabit olarak d\u00f6nmedi; hep sekteye u\u011frad\u0131 az geli\u015fmi\u015f insanlar \u00fclkesinde. Demokrasinin ne oldu\u011funu bilmeyen, demokrasinin de\u011ferini idrak edemeyen, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe s\u0131rt \u00e7evirip despotizme boyun e\u011fen ve hatta mazo\u015fist \u015fekilde hayranl\u0131k besleyenlerin oldu\u011fu her yerde bir tiran do\u011fdu. Ve yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm m\u00fccadeleler sil ba\u015ftan ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00fcnyada en zehirli madde \u201cg\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr\u201d. Sauron’un y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ta\u015f\u0131yanlar\u0131n\u0131 zehirledi\u011fi gibi zehirler g\u00fc\u00e7. G\u00fcc\u00fc eline ge\u00e7iren ki\u015finin idaresi ne kadar sa\u011flamsa, o kadar kar\u015f\u0131 koyar. Ancak s\u0131n\u0131rlanmayan, kontrol edilmeyen her g\u00fc\u00e7 muhakkak sahibini zehirler.\u00a0 Zehrin etkileri stabil olarak artar ve tiranl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan merdivende ad\u0131m ad\u0131m ilerler.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcc\u00fcn zehirli topraklar\u0131nda k\u00f6k salan her muktedir zamanla despotla\u015f\u0131r. Benli\u011fi devle\u015fir, \u00f6n\u00fcndeki koca ben balonundan gayr\u0131 bir \u015fey g\u00f6rmez, duymaz, bilmez. \u00d6nce zihninde karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tohumlar\u0131, sonra kalbinde \u015feytan\u0131ms\u0131 \u00e7\u0131banlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcr. Ne kimseye ac\u0131r, ne hakk\u0131 tan\u0131r hale gelene kadar devam eder bu s\u00fcre\u00e7. B\u00fct\u00fcn merdivenleri s\u0131ra s\u0131ra, ac\u0131 ac\u0131, kanl\u0131 ayaklar\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131kar karanl\u0131klar efendisi. Despotlu\u011fun ilk basama\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanlard\u0131r. Halk\u0131na kabul ettirmesi gereken d\u00e2hili ve harici d\u00fc\u015fmanlar. Bunlarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmesi, halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini koruyabilmesi i\u00e7in gereken yetkileri b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tevazuyla y\u00fcklenir.\u00a0 Daha sonra sans\u00fcr gelir. Bas\u0131n\u0131n ve medyan\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc her y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00f6nemlidir. Geriye kalansa \u00e7\u0131kan tiz ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131 susturmakt\u0131r ve susturulur. Adaletin g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcne indirilen demir yumruklarla kuvvetler birli\u011fi sa\u011flan\u0131r. Muktedir; yasar, y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr, yarg\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Despotlar en b\u00fcy\u00fck yalanlar\u0131 kendilerine s\u00f6yler. Ve s\u00f6yledikleri her yalan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck iman edeni de kendileridir. Yalanlar, yalanlar\u0131n pe\u015finden gelir. \u0130nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesine, kurgulanmas\u0131na hatta birbirleriyle \u00e7eli\u015fmesinde beis yoktur. \u0130nananlar\u0131; a\u00e7 bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00f6n\u00fcne konan bir tas yemek gibi kabul eder, inan\u0131r, sahip \u00e7\u0131kar, savunur. Asl\u0131nda George Orwell roman\u0131nda (1984) bir bilim kurgu yazmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ne Big Brother kurguydu ne sevgi su\u00e7lar\u0131 ne de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce su\u00e7lar\u0131. Her y\u00fczy\u0131lda sonsuz bir d\u00f6ng\u00fc i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olaylar\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, \u015fimdi ve gelecekte…<\/p>\n

Muktedirler i\u00e7in orta yol yoktur. Ya beyazs\u0131nd\u0131r ya da siyah. Gri bulunmaz hayatlar\u0131nda. Ya dostsun ya da d\u00fc\u015fman. \u015earts\u0131z kabullenme isterler, en basit en \u00f6nemsiz meselelerde bile z\u0131tl\u0131\u011fa tahamm\u00fcl g\u00f6steremezler. Z\u0131tl\u0131k, adavettir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye gerek yoktur, gereken t\u00fcm malumat haz\u0131r olarak verilir. Diktat\u00f6rler i\u00e7in halklar\u0131; bebekleri gibidir bir bak\u0131ma. Mamas\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlar, sunar ve bebeklerinin yemesini bekler. Sana verilen kadar\u0131n\u0131 almak, sana s\u00f6ylenen kadar\u0131n\u0131 duymak, inand\u0131klar\u0131 gibi inanmak… \u015eimdiye kadar hep b\u00f6yle olmu\u015ftur, bundan sonra da hep b\u00f6yle olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Despotlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu ba\u015flarda kendilerinden \u00f6nceki despotlara kar\u015f\u0131 h\u00fcrriyet naralar\u0131yla isyan ba\u015flat\u0131p yerlerine ge\u00e7ince onlar gibi olur. Verilen t\u00fcm \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u015fehitlerinin ard\u0131ndan geriye bir \u00f6l\u00fc despot bir de yeni despotumuz olur. Halefinden g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu mesle\u011fe a\u015finad\u0131r yeni despotumuz. \u0130zinden ad\u0131m ad\u0131m gider.<\/p>\n

Her \u015feye g\u00fcc\u00fc yeten, herkese emir veren, herkese h\u00fckmeden insan neyden korkar? G\u00fcc\u00fcn t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131na sahip olan insanlar ni\u00e7in korkarlar? (Asl\u0131nda sevgili okur en \u00e7ok onlar korkarlar) Vicdandan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden, h\u00fcrriyetten\u2026 Vicdan\u0131 her \u015feye ra\u011fmen ya\u015fayan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr olmak isteyen birey tehlikeli bireydir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir mum bile s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f sineleri alevlendirebilir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir mum bile karanl\u0131k i\u00e7in korkutucu olabilir. Ki diktat\u00f6rler kendileri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herkesten ve her \u015feyden korkarlar. Her an tetikte, her an haz\u0131rd\u0131rlar. Bir bak\u0131ma ate\u015f gibidirler zorbalar ve kendilerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m dahi istemezler. Kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulmay\u0131nca gidebildi\u011fi her yeri yakar, herkesi korkutur ve herkese ba\u015f e\u011fdirir. Yakt\u0131k\u00e7a yakmak ister, gittik\u00e7e gitmek ister. Hayat\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00f6nlendiren bir ate\u015f\u2026<\/p>\n

Diktat\u00f6rlere kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131labilecek yeg\u00e2ne silah hakikattir. Kendi do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131, kabul edilemez bir durum ve affedilemeyecek bir sava\u015f sebebidir. Hakikate kar\u015f\u0131 yalanlar sava\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Ezici, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, kakabal\u0131k yalanlar. Her \u015feyi y\u00f6neten Calvin\u2019in yalanlar\u0131yla, evini zar zor ge\u00e7indiren Castellio\u2019nun ger\u00e7ekleri aras\u0131nda amans\u0131z bir sava\u015f. Baz\u0131 sava\u015flar kazanmak i\u00e7in verilmez. Castellio\u2019nun da sava\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6yleydi. Ve bu sava\u015fa ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 an her \u015feyini kaybetmeye haz\u0131rd\u0131. Tek bir \u015fey d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her \u015feyini\u2026 \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her \u015feyini.<\/p>\n

Castellio’nun, Calvin’e kar\u015f\u0131 olan m\u00fccadelesi de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fccadeleydi. Yalanlara, tek d\u00fczeli\u011fe, otokrasiye kar\u015f\u0131 bir sava\u015f. Elinden pek bir \u015fey gelmese de Castellio’nun, vicdan zorbal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. Castellio nicelik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zay\u0131f, nitelik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yenilmezdi. Tohum gibiydi ve topra\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc an koca bir ormana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bilmeyenler i\u00e7in Jean Calvin XVI. Y\u00fczy\u0131l Cenevre\u2019sinde h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f reformcu hareket lideridir. Katoliklerin kat\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretilerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan reformcular \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc savunmu\u015f ve bunun i\u00e7in m\u00fccadeleler ortaya atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Calvin b\u00f6yle bir zamanda bo\u015flukta olan Cenevre \u015fehrine ger\u00e7ek \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc getirmi\u015ftir. K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fc eline ge\u00e7irmi\u015f ve insanlar\u0131n nas\u0131l inanmalar\u0131n\u0131, nas\u0131l ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 hatta neleri yap\u0131p neleri yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015ftir. Bunu Tanr\u0131 ad\u0131na yapm\u0131\u015f ve zorla yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendi hakikatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka hakikat yoktur Calvin\u2019in. Kendi dini yorumlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda do\u011fru olan dini bilgi yoktur. Calvin kendi t\u00fcm \u00f6\u011fretilerine ters d\u00fc\u015fen din adam\u0131 Miguel Serveto\u2019yu birtak\u0131m oyunlarla yakarak diri diri idam ettirir. \u0130\u015fte tam bu noktada \u00e7\u0131kar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na Sebastian Castellio. Zehirli ormana kar\u015f\u0131 masum bir fidan, karanl\u0131k okyanuslara kar\u015f\u0131 berrak bir dere, cehennem gibi bir ate\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fefkatli g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131… Sebastian, Calvin\u2019in t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 hakikatin, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc hayk\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6yle muazzam bir hayk\u0131r\u0131\u015f ki aradan ge\u00e7en 5 asra ra\u011fmen h\u00e2l\u00e2 duyuluyor Sebastian\u2019\u0131n o g\u00fcr sesi. Aradan ge\u00e7en 5 asra ra\u011fmen h\u00e2l\u00e2 sava\u015f\u0131yor Castellio Calvin\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sevgili okur Calvin<\/em>ler asla bitmez. Topra\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fr\u0131nda milyarlarca Calvin var. Ne zaman ki \u015fartlar elveri\u015fli olsa, ne zaman ki \u201cpadi\u015fah\u0131m \u00e7ok ya\u015fa\u201dlar artsa orada belirirler. Bu umutsuz topraklardaki tek g\u00fczel \u015feyse h\u00fcrriyet sevdas\u0131d\u0131r. Ne zaman ba\u015f\u0131ndan bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclmek istense, a\u011fa\u00e7 olur f\u0131\u015fk\u0131r\u0131r tarihe. Ne Calvinler biter ne de Castelliolar.<\/p>\n

Ancak sevgili okur; menfaatin kancas\u0131ndan, korkunun bur\u00e7lar\u0131ndan, \u201cbana dokunmayan y\u0131lan bin ya\u015fas\u0131nlar\u201d da ge\u00e7ip; Voltaire\u2019in y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ufkuna \u00e7\u0131karsak, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n 14 as\u0131r evvel getirdi\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck buuduna ula\u015f\u0131rsak, i\u015fte o zaman; Calvinlerin, Hitlerlerin, Stalinlerin soyu kurur. \u0130\u015fte o zaman biz t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya kucak a\u00e7\u0131p, bo\u011faz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 y\u0131rtarcas\u0131na \u201cKarde\u015fim\u201d diyebiliriz. \u0130\u015fte o zaman ne siyah olur, ne beyaz; ne Ortado\u011fu fark eder ne Avrupa; ne M\u00fcsl\u00fcman fark eder ne Hindu\u2026 E\u015fit bir d\u00fcnyada, e\u015fit haklarla, karde\u015f\u00e7esine ya\u015famak\u2026 Bu da benim \u00dctopya\u2019m olsun.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cHakikati aramak ve onu kendi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":9669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67,53],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9668"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9668"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9668\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}