{"id":8523,"date":"2018-03-01T00:00:27","date_gmt":"2018-02-28T22:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kadrandergi.com.tr\/?p=8523"},"modified":"2018-03-01T00:00:27","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T22:00:27","slug":"soyut-sanatin-onemli-temsilcileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/?p=8523","title":{"rendered":"Soyut Sanat\u0131n \u00d6nemli Temsilcileri"},"content":{"rendered":"

PIET MONDRIAN<\/p>\n

Pier Mondrian\u2019\u0131n 7 Mart 1872\u2019de Utrecht yak\u0131n\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kasaba olan Amersfoort\u2019ta do\u011fdu\u011fu bilinmektedir. 1892-96 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Amsterdam Akademisi\u2019ne devam etti\u011fi, g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri m\u00fczeleri gezdi\u011fi, b\u00fcy\u00fck sanat\u00e7\u0131lardan kopya resimler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k havalarda \u0131rmak k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda resimler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Onun bu d\u00f6nemde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 resimler akademik bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Mondrian, manzara resimlerinde donuk, mat renkleri se\u00e7mektedir ve resimlerin a\u011f\u0131r ye\u015filler ve grilerle sokmaktad\u0131r.
\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Resim 1: <\/strong>P. Mondrian, Ak\u015fam\u00fcst\u00fc Manzaras\u0131, 1904<\/p>\n

Soyut sanat\u0131n prati\u011fini ve kuram\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015f olarak Wassily Kandinsky ve Pier Mondrian\u2019dan s\u00f6z edebiliriz. Geometrik soyutlaman\u0131n en kararl\u0131 yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak bilinmektedir. Mondrian, ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin i\u00e7 kurulu\u015funa yo\u011funla\u015farak do\u011fan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerinden s\u0131yr\u0131larak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mondrian\u2019\u0131n hedefinde do\u011fasal g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerden koparak salt ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe ula\u015fma arzusunun oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

Mondrian\u2019\u0131n savundu\u011fu sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, do\u011fan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131tlar\u0131ndan uzak tuttu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Mondrian, geometrik bi\u00e7imleri kendi sanat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mondrian \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda genelde ana renkleri kullanmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ana renklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra (sar\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, mavi) siyah ve beyaz\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir (Resim 2). \u00a0Mondrian\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki renkler onun sanat\u0131nda en temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca dikeylikler ve yatayl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki ana yap\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zlenmektedir. Bu dikeylikler ve yatayl\u0131klar asimetrik bir d\u00fczen olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Resim 2:<\/strong> P. Mondrian, Broadway Boogie-Woogie, Tuval \u00dczerine Ya\u011fl\u0131 Boya,
\n127×127 cm, Modern Sanatlar M\u00fczesi, New York, 1942-43<\/p>\n

Mondrian\u2019\u0131n k\u00fcbizmden etkilendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Mondrian\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1915\u2019te tablolar\u0131, yatay \u00e7izgilerin ve dikey \u00e7izgilerin uyumu g\u00f6zlenmektedir. Mondrian\u2019\u0131n Dostu Sweeney\u2019e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir mektupta, k\u00fcbizmin amac\u0131n\u0131n hacimleri ifade etti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Soyutla\u015fmaya bir gidi\u015f ama soyut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bunun Mondrian\u2019\u0131n soyutla\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Resim 3:<\/strong> P. Mondrian, A\u011fa\u00e7 Kompozisyon II<\/p>\n

Mondrian resimlerinde mekan\u0131 silmek istemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fczey resmi ancak bu anlay\u0131\u015fla birlikte do\u011fmaktayd\u0131. Ama y\u00fczeyinde ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunun da yolunu y\u00fczeyleri boylu boyunca dikine ve enine kesen do\u011frular\u0131 bulmaktan ge\u00e7mekteydi. Mondrian\u2019\u0131n dik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7izgilerle olu\u015fan bu resminde mavi, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve sar\u0131 gibi \u00fc\u00e7 temel ve saf rengi \u00f6n plana itmi\u015ftir (Resim 4). Temel renklerin zamanla \u00f6ncelikle griye, ard\u0131ndan soluk maviye ve sonras\u0131nda 1922\u2019de ise beyaza d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Resim 4:<\/strong> P. Mondrian, Kompozisyon, 1921<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Mondrian\u2019\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, \u201cThe\u00f6 van Doesburg\u201d ile \u00fcslup \u201cDe stijl\u201d grubunu kurdu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Bu grubun amac\u0131 radikal bir yenile\u015fmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Grubun \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda Mondrian ve Doesburg yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ressam Van der Lee ve Huszar, mimar Pieter Oud, Rietwelt, W. Hoff, heykelci Van Tongerloo ve \u015fair Kok\u2019un oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda 1923 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar alt\u0131 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle aral\u0131ks\u0131z yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte olan bir dergide yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Mondrian yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bu dergide \u201cneo- plasticisme\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi sanat g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc hakk\u0131nda yaz\u0131lar yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Mondrian ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturmu\u015f oldu\u011fu grup o y\u0131llarda soyut sanat niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan \u201cDo\u011fal Ger\u00e7eklik ve Soyut Ger\u00e7eklik\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131rlar. B\u00f6ylece Mondrian ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri kesin \u00e7izgilerle belirmi\u015f ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Resim 5:<\/strong> P. Mondrian, Theo van Doesburg, 1921.<\/p>\n

Mondrian\u2019\u0131n arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan Doesburg \u015f\u00f6yle ifade etmektedir:<\/p>\n

\u201cDo\u011fay\u0131 d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015flerden s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131n, geriye as\u0131l kalacak olan yap\u0131-\u00fcsluptur.\u201d Mondrian ise bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc desteklemekte ve ki\u015fisel bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olarak yeni g\u00f6rsel anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n al\u0131nmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. Mondrian\u2019a g\u00f6re bu yeni g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, eski-yeni t\u00fcm sanat d\u00f6nemlerinin mant\u0131ksal geli\u015fimini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PIET MONDRIAN Pier Mondrian\u2019\u0131n 7 Mart…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":132,"featured_media":8534,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53,55],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8523"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/132"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8523"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8523\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}