{"id":8026,"date":"2016-11-01T19:37:07","date_gmt":"2016-11-01T17:37:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kadrandergi.com.tr\/?p=8026"},"modified":"2016-11-01T19:37:07","modified_gmt":"2016-11-01T17:37:07","slug":"yusuf-atilgan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/?p=8026","title":{"rendered":"Yusuf At\u0131lgan"},"content":{"rendered":"

1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda Manisa\u2019da do\u011fan yazar,\u00a0 1922 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yunan i\u015fgaliyle birlikte ailesinin Manisa\u2019dan 20 km uzakl\u0131ktaki\u00a0 Hac\u0131rahmanl\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcne yerle\u015fmesiyle kendisinin ve romanlar\u0131n\u0131n ilk mekan\u0131n\u0131 da bulmu\u015f olur. \u00a0Ailesi 1847\u00a0 Yunanistan g\u00f6\u00e7menidir. Turgut ad\u0131nda bir karde\u015fi vard\u0131r. Liseyi Bal\u0131kesir\u2019de okuduktan sonra \u00f6\u011fretmen olmak i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019da Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesini bitirir. Halide Edip Ad\u0131var, Ahmet Hamdi Tanp\u0131nar gibi d\u00f6neminin \u00a0\u00fcnl\u00fc isimleri At\u0131lgan\u2019\u0131n fak\u00fcltedeki hocalar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Askeri Lisede \u00f6\u011fretmenken a\u00e7\u0131lan soru\u015fturmalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00f6\u011fretmenlik hakk\u0131 elinden al\u0131n\u0131r ve k\u00f6y\u00fcne d\u00f6ner. Karde\u015fi Turgut\u2019un \u0131srarlar\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00f6yk\u00fclerini gazetelerin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yar\u0131\u015fmalara g\u00f6nderir. Kendi ismini kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu yar\u0131\u015fmalarda \u00e7e\u015fitli dereceler al\u0131r.\u00a0 1958 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yunus Nadi Roman \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019ne\u00a0 \u201cAylak Adam\u201d roman\u0131yla ba\u015fvurur. J\u00fcride Halide Edip Ad\u0131var, Yakup Kadri Karaosmano\u011flu, Orhan Kemal, Beh\u00e7et Necatigil ve Haldun Taner gibi \u00fcnl\u00fc isimler vard\u0131r. Fakir Baykurt\u2019un \u201cY\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u00d6c\u00fc\u201d roman\u0131 birinci olmu\u015f; yazar, \u201cAylak Adam\u201dla ikincili\u011fe lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Yazar\u0131n ilk roman\u0131 olan \u201cAylak Adam\u201d 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda kitapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise daha sonra sinemaya da uyarlanan ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcllere lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ikinci roman\u0131 \u201cAnayurt Oteli\u201d yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc roman\u0131 olan Canistan\u2019\u0131 tamamlayamadan 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda kalp krizi sonucu vefat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan yazar, \u00f6zellikle yabanc\u0131la\u015fma ve bunun zorunlu sonucu yaln\u0131zl\u0131k temas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla i\u015fleyen bir yazar olarak tan\u0131nd\u0131. Aylak Adam\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f karakteri \u201cC\u201d ve Anayurt Oteli\u2019nin ba\u015f karakteri \u201cZebercet\u201d ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bireyin etraf\u0131na ve kendine\u00a0 yabanc\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 bunun sonucu olarak yaln\u0131z kalmas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla i\u015flemi\u015ftir. Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tema ve anlat\u0131m\u0131yla d\u00f6neminin yazarlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrk roman\u0131nda modern anlat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcleri aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aylak Adam\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f karakterine klasik adland\u0131rmalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak ona bir isim bile vermeyerek\u00a0 \u201cC\u201d demesi okuyucuyu ki\u015filer \u00fczerine de\u011fil, roman\u0131n, yaz\u0131n\u0131n, kurgunun kendisi \u00fczerine dikkat \u00e7ekmeye y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 ama\u00e7la ba\u015f karakterin roman boyunca arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kad\u0131n karaktere de \u201cB\u201d demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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Aylak Adam roman\u0131nda uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 teknikler bu roman\u0131n \u00f6d\u00fcl j\u00fcrisinde bulunan \u00fcyelerin de dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015f, romanc\u0131 \u2018iyi bir kuma\u015f\u2019 olarak nitelendirilmi\u015ftir. Her kelime ve her c\u00fcmle \u00fczerinde durdu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen At\u0131lgan kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 dile de \u00e7ok \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Aylak Adam ona g\u00f6re \u201cbir \u00e7e\u015fit g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n ele\u015ftirisi, bir kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r K\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc bir ayd\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 toplumsal kurallara, evlili\u011fe, eli paketli olmaya vb. kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131; \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe tutkun olmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d Olmayan\u0131 araman\u0131n temel ama\u00e7 oldu\u011fu bir aylakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yans\u0131tan bu roman\u0131 yazarken At\u0131lgan, varolu\u015f\u00e7uluktan etkilendi\u011fini dile getirmektedir. Klasik romanlar\u0131n okuyucular\u0131n\u0131n arad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok da bulamad\u0131klar\u0131 bu yeni romanlar asl\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen toplumun de\u011fi\u015fen romanlar\u0131yd\u0131. Yaln\u0131zla\u015fan insanlar, birey olarak toplumsal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren roman ki\u015fileri, psikolojileriyle toplumda kendilerinden bahsedilen insanlar art\u0131k bir maceran\u0131n \u00f6znesi olmuyorlard\u0131. Aylak adam\u0131n tek maceras\u0131 \u201ciki ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan ve sevgi \u00fczerine kurulu bir d\u00fcnyay\u0131 aramakt\u0131.\u201d Yazar\u0131n edebiyatta b\u00fcy\u00fck yank\u0131 uyand\u0131ran iki roman\u0131nda da ki\u015filerin bir yabanc\u0131l\u0131k ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131k \u00e7ekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu yabanc\u0131l\u0131k roman\u0131n ba\u015f karakteri \u201cC\u201dyi toplumun de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131yla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u00a0\u201cC\u201d ile ilgili bildi\u011fimiz bilgiler s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6yle bir aylak adamd\u0131r ki bu, kural tan\u0131maz, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 pek kale almaz. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f soruldu\u011funda \u201cAylak\u0131m ben.\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 veren birey olarak ya\u015fan biridir. \u0130ki ki\u015filik d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fcyesi olan \u201cB\u201d yi ararken yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini kendisinden ba\u015fka kimsenin bilmedi\u011finin fark\u0131ndad\u0131r bu y\u00fczden \u00e7evresine kar\u015f\u0131 yabanc\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cC\u201dnin en belirgin buhranlar\u0131ndan biri k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yabanc\u0131la\u015fma duygusudur. Toplumsal de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131na ele\u015ftirel tutumu ve neticesinde toplumsal uyumsuzlu\u011fu birbirini takip eder. Anayurt Oteli\u2019nin ba\u015f karakteri \u201cZebercet\u201dte ise \u201ctoplumdan yal\u0131tlanma\u201d\u00a0 yani toplumsal ili\u015fkilerden d\u0131\u015flanma ve yaln\u0131z kalma duygusu hakimdir kahraman \u015fizoid ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri sergiler. Hilmi Yavuz, \u201cRoman kavram\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk roman\u0131 adl\u0131 eserinde\u201d At\u0131lgan\u2019\u0131n her iki roman\u0131ndaki \u00a0ba\u015f karakterler i\u00e7in; \u201cG\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u0131radanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kaybolan detaylar\u0131 bulup \u00e7\u0131karmada ve bunlara \u015fahsi manalar y\u00fckleyerek bir ya\u015fam sorunu haline getirme konusunda benzer psikolojik dengesizli\u011fi g\u00f6sterirler.\u201d demi\u015ftir. \u00a0\u0130ki karakter de psikolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok derin i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Aylak Adam\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f karakteri \u201cC\u201d nin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda karakterin psikanalist teknik kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u201cC\u201d de Freud\u2019un \u201cOedipus kompleksi\u201d olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bozuklu\u011fu hakimdir. Anayurt Oteli\u2019nin ba\u015f karakteri \u201cZebercet\u201d de ise \u015fizoid ki\u015filik bozuklu\u011fu vard\u0131r. Karakterin ruhsal sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n temelinde\u00a0 \u00e7ocuklu\u011fundan ba\u015flayan, kaybeden olma duygusu ve d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan gelen bask\u0131lar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eziklik duygusu yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

At\u0131lgan, romanlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f karakterlerini \u00a0t\u00fcm psikolojik derinlikleriyle ve detaylara de\u011finen ayr\u0131nt\u0131c\u0131 anlat\u0131mlar\u0131yla\u00a0 tarif etmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczdendir ki sembolik anlat\u0131m \u00fcslubunun bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Yazar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bireyin g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bilin\u00e7alt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 anlatmay\u0131 tercih etmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6neminde toplumsalc\u0131 olmamakla su\u00e7lansa da asl\u0131nda bireyin kendisinin ve insani kimli\u011finin her \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde oldu\u011funu, bireyin unutulmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, bireyin\u00a0 ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 anlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendine bile yabanc\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011fini bireyselcili\u011fin \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bug\u00fcnlerde rahat\u00e7a g\u00f6rebiliyoruz bursa escort bayan<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda Manisa\u2019da do\u011fan yazar,\u00a0 1922…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":8686,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53,62],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8026"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/68"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}