Sahaf kelimesi sahifeden t\u00fcremi\u015f bir kelime olup do\u011fru okunu\u015fu \u201csahhaf\u201d \u015feklinde iki h iledir. Fakat g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde umumiyetle \u201csahaf\u201d olarak tek \u201ch\u201d ile varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n
Sahafl\u0131k mesle\u011fi XVI-XVIII. as\u0131rlarda genellikle ulema s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan kimseler taraf\u0131ndan ikinci bir meslek olarak yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Ulema d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda baz\u0131 di\u011fer meslek mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n ikinci bir meslek olarak sahafl\u0131k yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren \u00f6rnekler de vard\u0131r. Cahil olduklar\u0131yla ilgili yayg\u0131n kanaatin aksine sahaflar iyi e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f kimselerdi. Bir\u00e7o\u011funun hac\u0131 ve haf\u0131z olmas\u0131, dini vecibelerini yerine getirmekte de hassas olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Ancak XIX. asr\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren sahafl\u0131k mesle\u011fi bir de\u011fi\u015fim ge\u00e7irmi\u015f ve profesyonelle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Matbu kitaplar\u0131n pazara giri\u015fiyle geni\u015fleyen ticaret hacmi bu f\u0131rsattan yararlanmak isteyen bir\u00e7ok sahaf\u0131 kitap basan ve da\u011f\u0131tan sahaf-kitap\u00e7\u0131 ve sahaf-yay\u0131nc\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Say\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ok olmasa da baz\u0131 sahaflar geleneksel \u00e7izgiden ayr\u0131lmayarak yazma eser ticaretini yapmaya devam etmi\u015fler ancak d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131nda belli miktarda basma esere de yer vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 ilm\u00ee hayat\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr ortam\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olan sahaflar kitap al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ad\u0131yla bir ilim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr muhitinin olu\u015fmas\u0131na da zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. XVII.-XVIII. as\u0131rlar, \u0130stanbul sahaflar\u0131n\u0131n tarihinde yazma eser sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir evredir. Zengin bir ulema s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli \u0130slami konulardaki klasik eserlere talebi artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130stanbul sahaflar\u0131na \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezlerinden bir kitap ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemdeki sahaf terekelerinde bu t\u00fcr eserlerin olduk\u00e7a pahal\u0131 n\u00fcshalar\u0131na rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde sahaflar daha ziyade ulema s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ve b\u00fcrokratlara hitap eden din\u00ee ilimlere ait eserler, edebiyat ve tarih konulu eserler; halk\u0131n ra\u011fbet etti\u011fi dini konular\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e i\u015fleyen birtak\u0131m kitaplar, dua mecmualar\u0131, mushaf ve Kur\u2019an c\u00fczleri satmaktayd\u0131lar. Dini ilimlere ait kitaplar, divanlar, tarihler mahdut bir z\u00fcmreyi ilgilendirmekte; di\u011ferleri ise daha \u00e7ok ibadet maksad\u0131yla okunmaktayd\u0131. E\u011fitim sistemi farkl\u0131 ilgi alanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelmi\u015f geni\u015f bir okuyucu kitlesi olu\u015fturamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sahaflar mevcut m\u00fc\u015fteri kitlesinin talebini kar\u015f\u0131lamakta olduk\u00e7a ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131lar. Geni\u015f kitleleri bilgilendirecek, entelekt\u00fcel seviyelerini y\u00fckseltecek say\u0131da eser mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi mevcut olan eserlerin de belli say\u0131da kopyalar\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve bunlara talip olacak belli say\u0131da bir okuyucu kitlesi bulunmas\u0131 da bu hususta bir de\u011fi\u015fim i\u00e7in itici g\u00fc\u00e7 olu\u015fturam\u0131yordu. Halk\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli mahallerde toplanarak dinledikleri eserler de hemen hemen ayn\u0131 konular\u0131 i\u015flemekteydi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu d\u00f6nemde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da okuyucu kitlesine hitap eden sahaflar\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel hayata katk\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmaktayd\u0131. XVIII. as\u0131rdaki \u0130brahim M\u00fcteferrika ve takip\u00e7ilerinin bast\u0131klar\u0131 kitaplar fiyatland\u0131rma politikas\u0131 ve fiyat se\u00e7imleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla okuyucu yelpazesini geni\u015fletememi\u015f ve sahaflar\u0131n bu y\u00f6ndeki katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak bir imk\u00e2n sa\u011flamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
XIX. asr\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak kitap piyasas\u0131nda matbu eserlerin \u00e7o\u011falmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131yla sahaflar\u0131n tarihinde imparatorlu\u011fun son g\u00fcnlerine kadar s\u00fcrecek yeni bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde ticaret hacimleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artan sahaf-kitap\u00e7\u0131lar ve sahaf-yay\u0131nc\u0131lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Sahaf-kitap\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de sahaf-yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr hayat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. R\u00fc\u015ftiyelerden sonra iptidai ve idadiler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla e\u011fitim sisteminin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve okulla\u015fmada b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f sonucu okuma-yazma oran\u0131ndaki y\u00fckseli\u015f yeni bir okuyucu kitlesi meydana getirmi\u015ftir. Yeni kitlenin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu kitaplar\u0131n temini bask\u0131 yoluyla olabilece\u011finden ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da tesis edilen matbaa say\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunun sonucunda da yeni olu\u015fan okuyucu kitlesinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 konulardaki \u00e7ok say\u0131da eser kitap piyasas\u0131na girmi\u015ftir. Klasik e\u011fitim sisteminden modern e\u011fitim sistemine ge\u00e7i\u015f as\u0131rlarca medrese sistemine hizmet eden sahaflar\u0131 bu de\u011fi\u015fime ayak uydurmaya zorlam\u0131\u015f ve sahaflar satt\u0131klar\u0131 kitaplar aras\u0131na farkl\u0131 konularda bas\u0131lan yeni kitaplar\u0131 d\u00e2hil etmi\u015flerdir. Y\u00fcksek miktarda bas\u0131lan bu kitaplar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da sahaf d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla satman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcnce \u00f6nce kitap sat\u0131\u015f yerleri \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmi\u015f; k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t\u00e7\u0131, m\u00fccellit, t\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fc, resimci, cilt\u00e7i, attar, oyuncak d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ve gazete sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131yla k\u0131raathaneler kitap satmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Beyaz\u0131t ve \u00e7evresindeki sahaflar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bu de\u011fi\u015fime ayak uydurarak matbu kitap da satan sahaf-kitap\u00e7\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra \u015fehrin di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerinde kitap\u00e7\u0131 d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve \u0130stanbul\u2019daki okuyucular\u0131n kitaba ula\u015fmas\u0131 kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
E\u011fitim siteminin \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131na geni\u015flemesi imparatorlu\u011fun \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerinde de okuma-yazma oran\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na ve yeni okuyucu kitlesinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yeni okuyucu kitlesinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kitap talebini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in art\u0131k matbaa sayesinde kolayl\u0131kla elde edilebilen ve kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flayabilen kitap ticareti bu \u015fehirlerde a\u00e7\u0131lan sahaf-kitap\u00e7\u0131lar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f ve imparatorlu\u011fun \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirlerinde a\u00e7\u0131lan sahaf d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019un k\u00fclt\u00fcr birikimini bulunduklar\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere ula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fmede ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve posta hizmetlerini iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131 unutmamak gerekir. \u00c7e\u015fitli vilayetlerde matbaalar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa da bunlar genellikle o vilayetin gazete-dergilerini ve salnameler gibi resmi ne\u015friyat\u0131n\u0131 basm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kitap ticareti \u0130stanbul merkezli olmaya devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
XIX. asr\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok dini eserlerle halk kitaplar\u0131 bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa da asr\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda bas\u0131lan kitaplar\u0131n konular\u0131 daha da \u00e7e\u015fitlenmi\u015f ve Me\u015frutiyet\u2019ten sonra da siyasi i\u00e7erikli eserlerin bas\u0131m\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle XIX. asr\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda yeni yay\u0131mc\u0131lar ve matbaac\u0131lar belli konulara s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan geleneksel yay\u0131n politikas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flar ve \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 konularda kitaplar basm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bas\u0131lan eserler bas\u0131n-yay\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hedef kitleye daha iyi duyurulabilmi\u015f ve geni\u015f bir okuyucu z\u00fcmresi bulmu\u015ftur. Bas\u0131lan eserlere bak\u0131l\u0131nca okuyucunun her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eseri okumaya istekli olduklar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Mesela bu d\u00f6nemde konusu seyahatname olan 300 civar\u0131nda eserin bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Evliya \u00c7elebi\u2019nin Seyahatname\u2019sinden se\u00e7ilen baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden olu\u015fturulan M\u00fcnteheb\u00e2t-\u0131 Evliya \u00c7elebi b\u00fcy\u00fck ra\u011fbet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden bir\u00e7ok kere bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tanzimat\u2019tan sonra roman, hik\u00e2ye, tiyatro eserleri ve \u015fiir kitaplar\u0131 da okuyucunun \u0130lgisini \u00e7ekti\u011finden Nam\u0131k Kemal ve Abd\u00fclhak Hamit gibi yazarlar\u0131n eserlerinin defalarca bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Nam\u0131k Kemal\u2019in eserlerinden Cezmi, Devr-i \u0130stila ve \u0130ntib\u00e2h\u2019\u0131n birbirine yak\u0131n tarihlerde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok bask\u0131s\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Me\u015frutiyet\u2019ten sonra \u00fclkede olu\u015fan serbestiyetten yararlanarak bir\u00e7ok kimse farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ihtiva eden eserlerin bas\u0131m\u0131 yoluna gitmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nemde bas\u0131lan kitaplar\u0131n tirajlar\u0131n\u0131n imparatorlu\u011fun n\u00fcfusu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. E\u011fitim sisteminin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla toplumdaki okuma-yazma oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesinin kitap bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvikte ve tirajlar\u0131n artmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir pay\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6yle g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor ki matbaa kendi okuyucusunu yaratm\u0131\u015f, sahaf-kitap\u00e7\u0131lar da okuyucu kitlesine yeni bas\u0131lan eserleri ula\u015ft\u0131rmada \u00f6nemli bir rol \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Matbaan\u0131n yayg\u0131n \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fcstensihlerin mesleklerinde durgunlu\u011fa sebep olur. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul\u2019da 1.000 kadar m\u00fcstensih oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse sahaflar\u0131n arada bir istinsah ettirdi\u011fi eserlerin bu kadar ki\u015finin ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130ncelendi\u011finde m\u00fcstensihlerin en \u00e7ok mushaf istinsah\u0131yla me\u015fgul oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130lk d\u00f6nemler matbaada mushaf bas\u0131m\u0131 yasakt\u0131r. Ancak yasak kalkt\u0131ktan sonra da sahaflar\u0131n mushaflar\u0131 m\u00fcstensihlere \u0131smarlad\u0131klar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n istinsah etti\u011fi mushaflar\u0131 satt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu sayede m\u00fcstensihler bir m\u00fcddet daha ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flamay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1950\u2019den sonra da Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hareketli zamanlar\u0131 devam eder. 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Sahaflar eski yaz\u0131 \u2013 yeni yaz\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k halde bol bol kitaba sahiptir. \u00d6zellikle \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin \u00f6\u011frenci ve akademisyenlerinden olu\u015fan m\u00fc\u015fteri kitlesi eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 kitaplar da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere arad\u0131klar\u0131 bir\u00e7ok kitaba h\u00e2l\u00e2 ula\u015fabilmektedir. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yo\u011fun olarak satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitap t\u00fcrleri d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir. Kimi zaman tarih, edebiyat kitaplar\u0131 \u00f6n plandayken kimi zaman halk\u0131n ra\u011fbet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00fcf\u00fcr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc kitaplar\u0131 \u00e7ok\u00e7a sat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu d\u00f6neme dair hat\u0131ralarda rastlanan sahaf profilleri de dikkate \u015fayand\u0131r. Hat\u0131ralarda zikredilen bir\u00e7ok sahaf\u0131n kitap sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6te anlamlar y\u00fcklendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re kitap ay\u0131rma, m\u00fc\u015fterisinin hususiyetlerine g\u00f6re fiyat bi\u00e7me, \u00f6\u011frenciye kolayl\u0131k tan\u0131ma gibi al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015fle ilgili \u00f6zelliklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra akademisyenlerle olan irtibatlar\u0131, ilim erbaplar\u0131yla ileti\u015fimleri, \u015fahsi \u00e7abalar\u0131 sebebiyle belli bir bilgi seviyesinde olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. Kitaplar\u0131n de\u011ferini, kitaplar\u0131n hangi yolla topluma daha faydal\u0131 olabilece\u011fini bilip buna uygun bir sat\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131 \u00e7izerler. Bir\u00e7ok akademisyen farkl\u0131 sahaflardan \u201choca\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131yla bahseder. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131\u2019daki d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bir e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim mek\u00e2n\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Sahaf\u0131n e\u011filimleri sat\u0131lan kitaplar\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla m\u00fc\u015fterisini de belirler. Ortak ilgi alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fan sahaf-al\u0131c\u0131 aras\u0131nda ilm\u00ee seviyesi y\u00fcksek sohbet ortamlar\u0131 meydana gelir. Bu ortam modern kitap\u00e7\u0131lardan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Gerekli kitab\u0131n yerini \u00f6\u011frenme, sat\u0131n alma ve \u00e7\u0131kmadan ibaret kitap\u00e7\u0131 ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n havas\u0131ndan uzak, daha samimi ve bilgiye dayal\u0131 diyaloglar geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Hat\u0131ralardan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere sahaflarda kitap\u00e7\u0131lardaki kadar d\u00fczenli, s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f, tasnif edilmi\u015f bir d\u00fckk\u00e2n yap\u0131s\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaz. Fakat sahafa m\u00fcracaat edildi\u011finde kitap mevcutsa sahaf taraf\u0131ndan bulunur, teslim edilir.<\/p>\n
Bundan ba\u015fka bir de sahafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir gelenek vard\u0131r ki bu da sahafl\u0131k mesle\u011finin usta-\u00e7\u0131rak ili\u015fkisine benzer \u015fekilde ya\u015fl\u0131, tecr\u00fcbeli hoca-sahaflardan gen\u00e7lere aktar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fcklerinden \u00f6\u011frendikleri ilm\u00ee altyap\u0131yla yeni bir sahaf nesli yeti\u015fir. Usta sahaflar sadece kitap satmazlar, ayn\u0131 zamanda kendi alanlar\u0131nda kitap yaz\u0131p ne\u015frettikleri de olur. Felsefe, tarih, edebiyat, din, hat gibi farkl\u0131 alanlarda kendini yeti\u015ftirmi\u015f olan sahaflar bilgilerini hem m\u00fc\u015fterilerine hem gen\u00e7 sahaflara aktararak bu mesle\u011fin h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir esnaf te\u015fkilat\u0131 havas\u0131nda ilerledi\u011fini hissettirirler.<\/p>\n
\u0130lerleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te ise durum de\u011fi\u015fecektir. Sahaflar\u0131n bilgi seviyesiyle birlikte sahafl\u0131k gelene\u011fi de zay\u0131flayarak yok olmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015ftur. Elbette bunda eski yaz\u0131 matbu ve yazma kitaplar\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 da y\u00fcksektir. Matbaan\u0131n h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu yaz\u0131n hayat\u0131nda art\u0131k bu t\u00fcr eserlere rastlanmaz olur. Bu da sahaflar\u0131 yeni kitaplar\u0131 satmaya y\u00f6neltir. \u00d6nceleri Bulak Matbaas\u0131, M\u00fcteferrika Matbaas\u0131 gibi \u00f6nemli matbaalardan \u00e7\u0131kan eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 basma eserler k\u0131ymetliyken bunlar\u0131n suyunu \u00e7ekmesi \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul\u2019un \u00e7e\u015fitli matbaalar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 matbu eserler k\u0131ymetlenir. Harf ink\u0131lab\u0131ndan sonra ise eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 eserler bir s\u00fcre \u00e7ok fazla satar. Halk ellerinde eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 eserlerin bulunmas\u0131ndan korkmaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple sahaflara bir\u00e7ok eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 eser d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu hareketli d\u00f6nem varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan habersiz bulunulan pek \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli eserin g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem ge\u00e7ip eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 matbu, yazma kitaplardan geriye pek bir \u015fey kalmay\u0131nca Cumhuriyet sonras\u0131 bas\u0131l\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n eskileri ve nadirleri k\u0131ymetli h\u00e2l almaya ba\u015flar. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de sahaflar b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda yeni bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kitaplar ile matbu kitaplar\u0131n ilk bas\u0131mlar\u0131, yazar imzal\u0131 n\u00fcshalar\u0131 gibi nadir kitaplar satmakta ve bu \u00f6zelliklere dayal\u0131 fiyat bi\u00e7erek varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmektedir. Sahaflar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc \u015eevket Rado\u2019nun 1952\u2019deki \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karacak vaziyettedir. Yeni Sahaf \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lacak yerle\u015fimi de\u011ferlendiren Rado: \u201cBu i\u015ften anlad\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00fcsellem olanlara yeni Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir r\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131 tan\u0131l\u0131rsa gaye biraz korunmu\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Yoksa serbest bir a\u00e7\u0131k artt\u0131rmada Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na hakik\u00ee m\u00e2nas\u0131nda sahafl\u0131kla al\u00e2kas\u0131 olm\u0131yan, sadece y\u00fcksek kira \u00f6demek kabiliyetinde birtak\u0131m kitap\u00e7\u0131lar dolacakt\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2019un bir hususiyetini ortadan kald\u0131rmak g\u00fcnah olur.\u201d<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019ndan ba\u015fka Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, Beyo\u011flu, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar gibi \u0130stanbul i\u00e7inde ve Anadolu\u2019nun muhtelif yerlerinde m\u00fcstakil sahaf d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Fakat arz ettikleri hususiyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u2019ndaki \u00f6zellikleri ta\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Son senelerde sahafl\u0131k mesle\u011fine can veren bir at\u0131l\u0131m da y\u0131l\u0131n belli d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00dcsk\u00fcdar, Beyo\u011flu gibi merkezi yerlerde ve zaman zaman di\u011fer il\u00e7elerde de d\u00fczenlenen Sahaf Festivalleri\u2019dir. Bir\u00e7ok sahaf\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda g\u00f6rme imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulan al\u0131c\u0131lar az da olsa eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 matbu eserlere ula\u015fma f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 yakalam\u0131\u015f olurlar.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong><\/p>\n Bali, R\u0131fat N. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Kitap Koleksiyonerleri ve Sahaflar. <\/em>\u0130stanbul: Libra Kitap, 2013.<\/p>\n Er\u00fcnsal, \u0130smail E. Osmanl\u0131larda Sahafl\u0131k ve Sahaflar. <\/em>\u0130stanbul: Tima\u015f Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2013.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fli, Emin Nedret. Sahafn\u00e2me-Bir Kitap Kurdunun Metruk Olmayan Evrak\u0131ndan.<\/em> \u0130stanbul: K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Kedi Yay\u0131nevi, 2018.<\/p>\n Rado, \u015eevket. Yeni Sahaflar \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131<\/em> (T\u00fcrkiye Turing ve Otomobil Kurumu, 1952-11). Taha Toros Ar\u015fivi.<\/p>\n Sayar, Ahmet G. Sahhaf R\u00e2if Yelkenci.<\/em> \u0130stanbul: Kubbealt\u0131 Ne\u015friyat, 2012.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sahaf kelimesi sahifeden t\u00fcremi\u015f bir kelime…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":262,"featured_media":10316,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67,53],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/262"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10315"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kadrandergi.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}